Folk Dances in South West India: A Cultural Extravaganza!

 

South West India extends over a long area and covers the states and union territories of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Kerala, Goa, Orissa, and Lakshadweep. Many consider that South West India essentially happens to be the celebration of the beautiful and the eternal universe, by way of celebrating the beauty of the motherhood and body. This is best exemplified in the clothing, sculpture and dance of south west India.

The literature, tradition and culture in the region are more than thousand years old, and yet it is being beautifully carried and portrayed by the folk dances in south west India.

The South West Indian Folk Dances are truly magical and unique. Definitely we can say that Folk Dances in South West India: A Cultural Extravaganza!

Some wonderful forms of south west folk dances are Dollu Kunitha (Karnataka), Ghode Modni (Goa), Lava Dance of Minicoy (Lakshadweep), the Kolkali Dance and many more!

Dollu Kunitha (Karnataka)

For a long time, the folk dance called Dollu Kunitha has been serving as a major attraction at the village festivals or any kind of religious ceremonies at the North Karnataka villages.

It is a kind of drum dance very popular in the state of Karnataka. On the occasion of the dance, large drums are beautifully adorned with colorful clothes. The men slung these drums around their necks. Many a times, songs of wars or religious praise accompanies this dance form. Quick and light movement of the legs and feet forms an interesting aspect of the dance. The tribes in Karnataka, mostly comprises of food gatherers and hunters who stock themselves with many dance and songs related to those of food gathering, hunting, and burial funeral rites. Although an entertaining dance form, Dollu Kunitha dance also has religious connotations and is associated with the deity of Beereshwara or Beeralingeswara. This Deity is mainly worshipped by the Kuruba Gowdas of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.

Songs and the melody of the drums or Dollu accompany the dancers in this specific dance form. A robust kind of dance with extravagant spectacle, it’s wonderful to watch how the performers enact their respective roles in the dance, effortlessly and with ease.  The Dolu Kunitha form of dance demand the dancers to be strong, well-built men and high on stamina. This folk dance happens to be a beautiful combination of entertainment on one hand and spirituality on the other.

Ghode Modni (Goa)

The Portuguese ruled Goa for many years. So it is quite obvious that there is a very strong European influence in the region that can be felt at the annual Carnival of Goa. A folk dance named Ghode Modni forms the major attraction of this carnival. Literally it means a dummy horse presentation. The main aim of this folk dance in Goa is to bring out the brave acts of the warriors in Goa. The attractively adorned dancers perform with swords to honor the warriors in the region. They recapitulate the deeds and valor of the brave warriors in Goa during the old times, through the use of movements and steps.

Tarangmel (Goa)

Tarangmel happens to be a famous folk dance of Goa. This multi-hued form of dance is exclusively performed by the young boys and girls. During the festivals of Holi and Dussehra in Go, this dance form serve as a major and beautiful attraction to the people.  The spirited young girls and boys are found swarming the streets of Goa in groups, putting in their colorful outfits and waving streamers and flags. They invite everyone to be a part of this festive spirit. Beats of dhol, romut and tasha accompany these little boys and girls.

Ritual Dances (Karnataka)

There are several ritual dances that take place in the state of Karnataka. These include Kavadis, a dance form mainly performed to worship Lord Subramanya or the Balakat dance performed by the Dodavas in the state, during the harvest time. Dollu Kunitha is yet another form of ritualistic dance in Karnataka that belongs to ‘Kumitha’. Further, there are other form of ritual dances also such as Yell-ammana Kunitha, Devare Thatte Kunitha and Suggikunitha These dances are related either to the name of the Deity or the instrument in the hand or on the head.

Lava Dance of Minicoy (Lakshadweep)

Minicoy is well-known for its popular lava dance. The dance is generally performed on the occasion of any festival or similar event, in the Lakshadweep Island. A colorful and energetic form of dance, Lava Dance makes use of songs and drums to the rhythmic beats of which, the dancers perform. They dress themselves in multi-hued outfits and also headgears.

The Kolkali Dance (Lakshadweep)

Literally speaking, the Kolkali dance means a stick dance. The word ‘Kol’ means stick and since this particular dance is performed with sticks, hence it is known as Kolkali. This specific Indian folk dance is very popular in the Lakshadweep islands. Only men can participate in this dance form as women are not allowed to take part. The dancers make pairs, which move in circles following the rhythm produced by the sticks. The sticks are hold by the dancers in hands and are used as props while dancing. Though beginning at a slow pace, the dance slowly gathers speed, thereby reaching the height of passion, ultimately. Folk songs accompany this particular dance form.

The Parichakali Dance (Lakshadweep)

Literally meaning and often referred as the Shield Dance, the Parichakali dance is a folk dance of Lakshadweep islands. Paricha means a shield and the dancers also happen to perform the dance with the help of shields and swords; hence the name Parichakali. This particular dance form is a kind of martial art form resembling fighting and hence the swords and shields serve as the props. Made out of soft wood, the swords along with the dance aims at enacting and honoring bravery without wounding anybody. The common themes around which the dance revolves include freedom struggle, warriors, wars etc. Starting with a slow soft dance, the dance finally culminates into a highly strong and energetic dance. There are songs accompanying the dancers in this folk dance of India.

Folk Dances in North India: Experience the Mystical Diversity!

Rich history is what we think of, when we talk about the northern part of India! North India has been home to many kingdoms like Gupta, Maurya, Mughal and British Indian Empires. This resulted in the introduction of diverse culture into the region. This variety and diversity of customs and traditions reflects beautifully in the North Indian Dances.

A beautiful combination of mythological elements and narrative forms, the folk dances in North India are amazingly exquisite. There is a dance for almost every occasion. Some of the North India folk dances have a ritualistic nature and are performed during the harvest time. The Bhangra dance of Punjab is a dance, which is performed during the harvest time. Other such dances that mark the beginning of harvest seasons and cultivation are Hurka Baul in Uttar Pradesh and Dhamyal of Haryana.

Besides these harvest dances, there are other colorful folk and tribal dances as well. These include Dumhal dance performed by the Wattal tribe in Kashmir, Namagen of Himachal Pradesh, Nati dance of Himachal Pradesh, Jhumeila and the Chaunfla of Garhwal etc. Each of the folk dances in North India is unique and exquisite in its own way. The costumes of each of these folk dances amazingly highlight the tradition, culture, taste and festivity of a wide segment of people in the northern region of India. Folk Dances in North India: Experience the Mystical Diversity through these following folk dances:

Bhangra, Luddi and Gidha (Punjab)

One of the energetic and popular Indian Folk Dances is Bhangra. It is performed by males usually. Originating in the state of Punjab, the dance is quite popular during the Punjabi festival, Baisakhi. One of the captivating folk dances of Punjab, Bhangra includes athletic feats and interesting tricks. During the performance the dancers dressed in turbans and lungis surround the drummer.

Yet another beautiful Punjabi folk dance is Luddi performed by the men folk. The dance is performed for celebrating victory. The movements of the snakes are copied in this particular dance.

Gidha is the dance executed by the women folk in Punjab. Either a woman or a pair of women dancers dance away to glory as others surround them and clap in perfect rhythm. This dance is generally performed at the time of the Teeyan festival for welcoming the monsoons.

Dumhal (Jammu & Kashmir)

Dumhal is a beautiful Kashmiri folk dance. It is performed with the help of colorful, long robes and tall conical caps that are studded with shells and beads. Songs provide company to the dancers of the Dumhal dance, wherein the dancers themselves sing the songs.  One of the interesting features of this dance is that, the performers position at a particular location, a banner on the ground and then around that banner they start to men dance.

Namagen (Himachal Pradesh)

The autumnal hue in the state of Himachal Pradesh is celebrated in the month of September through the performance of the Namagen dance. The costumes in this particular dance form are generally woolen. Apart form this, the women also wear heavy silver ornaments, during the dance.

Hurka Baul (Uttaranchal)

Some of the popular seasonal dances in Uttaranchal are Jhumeila, the Hurka Baul of Kumaon and the Chaunfla of Garhwal. Hurka Baul folk dance of Uttranchal is performed at the time of maize and paddy cultivation. On a specific day, post the preliminary ritual, Hurka Baul is performed in various fields, turn by turn. This particular dance has derived its name from the word hurka that represents the drum. The drum provides the dance with the sole musical accompaniment apart from the baul that is the song. There is a singer who narrates stories of heroic deeds and battles, while the players are seen entering from 2 opposite sides and enacting the stories through a sequence of crisp and fine movements. The farmers are found to form 2 rows and then move backwards in harmony, by responding to the rhythm and the tune of the song.

Chholiya is yet another popular dance belonging to the Kumaon region in the state of Uttar Pradesh. It is generally performed at the time of marriages. With the procession proceeding towards the bride’s house, the male dancers arm themselves in swords and shields and dance vivaciously.

Hikat (Himachal Pradesh)

Hikat is a famous folk dance of Himachal Pradesh that is performed by the women in the region. It is executed in pairs wherein the dancers extend their arms to their front and also hold the wrists of each other. The bodies of the dancers are kept inclined towards the back. The dancers keep on making rounds of the same place. Since Himachal Pradeh is a land of festivity and celebration, this dance also forms a part of that same festivity.

Dhamyal and Lahoor (Haryana)

Dhamyal, also known as Duph, is a folk dance of Haryana. The dance is performed either by men alone or along with women as well. Duph means a circular drum that is played by the male dancers, lightly, during the dance. During the spring season in Haryana, its time for celebration, just after the harvest and field work has been completed. This dance forms a part of this celebration.

Lahoor is a dance that is performed by females. It is accompanied by songs that are phrased with witty questions and replies.

Dandiya (Rajasthan)

This is a popular dance form in the magical land of Rajasthan and a well-known folk dance in India. In this particular Rajasthan folk dance, the dancers are seen forming group with slim, long sticks in every hand. The dancers dance in rhythm by striking these sticks to each other’s. It is a beautiful dance to watch, full of chants and energy. There is a drummer who stays right in the center and keeps playing particular tunes from time to time. Dandiya is usually performed during ceremonial events or essential festivals. The dancers put on their gorgeous Rajasthani out-fit.

Folk Dances in South India are definitely magical!

The folk dances in the southern part of India, are simple dance forms, and are often performed as an expression of joy. There are Folk Dances in South India that are meant for almost every occasion such as celebrating the arrival of various seasons, the birth of children, festivals and events like wedding. The south India folk dances comprises of simple dance steps, movements and postures. Energy and liveliness characterizes the folk dances in the region. The Folk Dances in South India are definitely magical! There are folk dances where either men or women perform exclusively, whereas there are others wherein both men and women participate together. The dances burst with verve and vitality. In most of the dances, the performers sing themselves, while instruments being played by other artists are there to accompany the dancers. Every form of folk dance consists of a particular costume, wherein extensive jewels and flamboyant outfits will attract you.

Padayani or Paddeni (Kerala)

One of Kerala’s enchanting and colorful dances happens to be Padayani or Paddeni. It is linked with the festivals at certain temples situated in the districts of Quilon, Pathanamthitta, Alleppey and Kottayam districts. Padayani in folk art literally means rows of army or military formations. It consists of a series of semi divine and divine impersonations. The performers in this particular form of dance consist of the actors or dancers, singers who narrate poems and the instrumentalists playing thappu and cymbals. Kolams of varied colors, shapes, designs etc are worn by the Padayani dancers. Kolams are large headgears with masks. The Kolams that are generally used in Paddeni dance are those of Kalan (god of death), Bhairavi (Kali), Yakshi (fairy) and Pakshi (bird).

Kargam and Puli Vesham (Tamil Nadu)

Kargam dance is a popular folk dance in the state of Tamil Nadu, dedicated to the Goddess of Health and Rain, known as Mariamma. Men usually performs this particular dance, wherein you can find them engaging in an interesting activity like balancing pots of uncooked rice that are surrounded by conical, tall bamboo frames and covering of flowers on their head. The musical instruments that accompany the folk dancers in this dance are drums and long pipes.

Puli Vesham is yet another interesting folk dance in Tamil Nadu, again performed by the men during particular festivals. Men usually disguise themselves in tiger outfits, thereby moving on the streets.

Kummi and Kolattam (Tamil Nadu)

Kummi and Kolattam are the folk dances executed by the tribal women in the state of Tamil Nadu, at the time of certain specific festivals. A simple dance form, in Kummi dance, the performers form circles and also clap while they dance. Kolattam is quite similar to Kummi; just that in the case of the former, the dancers use small woods of rod. The performers strike in the rods in complete rhythm, instead of clapping as in case of Kummi. The dance form got its name from Kol, meaning a small stick and Attam meaning play. Kolattam is also known as stick dance, Kolkolannalu or Kolannalu or. Dancers range from 8 to 40 in case of a Kolattam dance.

Perini

The Perini Thandavam happens to be a male dance of those engaged in warfare that is the warriors. Traditionally it is believed that, the warriors used to perform this dominant form of dance near the Nataraja idol that is Lord Shiva, prior their leaving for the wars. Perini folk dance is quite popular in several parts of Andhra Pradesh. This dance form was patronized earlier by the Kakatiya dynasty. Beating of drums accompanies the Perini performers.

Dandaria

Dandaria is a folk dance of Andhra Pradesh. The state has been home to many tribes, wherein every tribe has a dance style unique to it. This particular form of Indian folk dance, Dandaria, is quite similar to that of the Dandiya dance belonging to the state of Rajasthan. Villagers dress themselves in best of outfits and visit other villages, where they are given hearty welcome as honorable guests. The musicians and the youth generally arrive 1^st while touring a village, who are then followed by old men and others. They then gather together together forming a group and beat sticks to one another, completely in rhythm. This is quite similar to that of Dandiya steps.

Bhanjara

The Bhanjara form of folk dance can be found in the state of Andhra Pradesh and are mainly performed by the gypsy tribes in the state. These tribes have a very strong passion and love for colors and hence the costumes of the performers come in gorgeous bright colors, studded with embroidery and mirror work. This form of folk dance in Andhra Pradesh generally depicts the daily activities and events of the household such as working in the fields etc. The dancers can be seen forming circles and different movements as they go on to depict their work and profession through this form of dance.

Thapetta Gullu (Andhra Pradesh)

The folk dance in India known as the Thapetta Gullu belongs to the Srikakulam district in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Over ten persons participate in this particular form of dance. Songs praising the local goddess is sung by the performers. Dancers are seen hanging drums round their necks while dancing. Tinkling bells are also worn by the dancers round the waist.

Dollu Kunitha

This particular form of dance belongs to a tribal region in the state of Karnataka, wherein the tribal people are mostly food gatherers and hunters. Hence Dollu Kunitha folk dance focus on themes such as food gathering, hunting and funeral rites. Kunitha happens to be a generic term that describes the ritual dances in the region, such as Puja Kunitha and Kadvadis that are devoted to certain deities. Dollu is mainly a drum dance wherein you would get to see the dancers wearing large, colorful and adorned drums. Beating of the drums and the performance of the nimble movements by the performers go on simultaneously. In few occasions, the dance is also accompanied by songs. The themes mainly revolve round religion and war songs.

Folk Dances of Central India are truly charismatic!

Folk dances In India happen to be the specific style and form of dancing that actually originated from amongst the society, region and ordinary people. India has always been the land of diverse variety of dances with folk dances constituting an important part. An essential part of the tradition and culture of India, different region of the country upholds different types of folk dances, all unique in itself.

The fascinating folk dances of Central India are performed on various occasions ranging from marriage, child birth, and festival to good harvest. Presenting you a wonderful sight to behold along with a beautiful experience to cherish, Folk Dances of Central India are truly charismatic!

Come, have a look at some of the popular folk dance forms of Central India:

Gaur Dance

Popularly known as the Bison Dance, Gaur Dance happens to be popular folk dance in Madhya Pradesh. Generally executed by the Bison Horn Marias located in South Bastar, this amazing dance form depicts the tribe’s hunting spirit.  As the name depicts, ‘Gaur’ means a wild bison. Invitation for the dance is given by the blowing of a horn or a bamboo trumpet.

The male performers in this particular folk dance of Central India attack each other thereby chasing the female performers. The dance steps involved here are very similar to that of the movements of a bison. Male dancers can be seen wearing head-dresses decorated with ‘cowries’ and peacock feather plumes. Drums and flutes generally accompany them to the dancing ground. Women dancers, dressed in beaded necklaces and brass fillets on their bodies, joins the male dancers, later. Women are seen entering the dancing ground with ‘Tirududi’, the dancing sticks in their hands.

Muria Dances

The Muria folk dance is known to be mainly performed by the Muria tribals in the North Bastar area. The dance is executed in proximity to the Ghotul Compound. It commences with a prayer to honor the phallic deity of the tribe and also the originator of the Ghotul institution. The boys with the bridegroom carry out ritualistic offerings in the ceremonial place. The Muria dances can be of several kinds such as the Har Endanna, the Karsana, the Hulki etc.

The Har Endanna dance, one of the popular forms is performed during marriages. The Karsana dance is performed for enjoyment. The Hulki dance is a very beautiful form of Muria dance wherein the boys move in circular fashion as the girls make way through them.

Saila Dance

A folk dance in Chattisgarh, Saila dance is performed after the harvest season, mostly by young boys. It is a stick-dance, wherein the performers, standing in one leg each, support themselves to the person standing in front and forms a circle. Next everyone jumps together, by moving round and round. This Central India Folk Dance is largely popular among the people Chhindwara, Sarguja and Betul districts. Also referred as the Danda Nach or Dandar Pate, the dance is mainly performed in the Aghan month and also prior to the advent of the festival of Diwali. Based on distinct themes and identity, Saila dance is performed in several districts of Chattisgarh.

Executed in several variations, this form of tribal dance is basically the hitting of sticks of one dancer with the other and in sync with the beats provided by a ‘Mandar’. The dance comes to an end with the villagers offering paddy to the dancers. The dancers of the Saila dance usually wear pagdi and dhoti-kurta, with a towel or lungi to tie the waist.

Karma Dance

Weel-known among the Baigas and the Gonds of the Chhattisgarh district and the Oraons in Madhya Pradesh, Karma dance is related to fertility cult. This particular folk dace of Central India welcomes the arrival of the green branches on the trees, during the spring time. It is associated with the Karma festival that is celebrated in August. An important dance form in India and Madhya Pradesh, Karma dance usually takes place around the trees in the villages and can be viewed in its full swing during the month of August.

Symbolizing the beginning of the spring season, the dance happens to take place just at the onset of the rainy season and also when it ends. Both women and men can be seen taking part in the dance enthusiastically. The men dancers in the group leap forward while the women performers bend down low to the ground. It is wonderful to see the feet of the dancers moving to and fro in absolute rhythm. It is believed that the oldest form of tribal dance in the state of Madhya Pradesh happens to be this Karma Dance.

The instruments that accompany the Karma dance consist of the Payri, the Chhalla, Thumki and Jhumki. Karma Dance has several other sub-forms like the Sirki, the Ghatwar, the Jhumar, the Pendehar, the Dohoari, the Ektaria, the Lahaki and the Tegwani.

Kaksar Dance

Counted among the performing arts in Madhya Pradesh, as one of the popular and important form of dance, Kaksar Dance happens to be the dance of the Marias Hill. In this particular Indian Folk dance, the dancers are seen carrying in their shoulders, dummy horses and moving gradually in the rhythm thereby making a wide circle pattern.

A festival dance mainly executed by the Abhujmaria tribe staying in Bastar, Kaksar Dance happens to be group dance performed both by young boys and girls. Prior to the commencement of the monsoons, in order to have a good harvest, the Maria cultivators can be seen worshipping God, for invoking blessings. Kaksar dance comes with a unique and fun filled opportunity for the girls and boys to choose their soul mates for life!

While preparing for the dance, the boy performers wear a white long robe, along with a belt made of bells tied round the waist, while the girls can be seen in jewelries and sarees. The melody and the rhythm of the music that gives company to the Kaksar dance are extremely soothing to hear! The enchanting environment created by the sounds of the bell and the music is truly amazing. Other instruments that are used in the dance are timiki, dhol and bansuri.

Jawara

Chiefly performed in the district of Bundelkhand in Madhya Pradesh, this specific form of folk dance in Central India is performed during the harvest time. It upholds the pleasure and gaiety of the peasants and farmers who have been gifted with a good harvest.

Stringed and wind instruments and the percussion accompanying the Jawara dance create a soulful music and a charming environment. Women and men both participate in the dance. While the female dancers wear colorful traditional outfits, they also skillfully balance baskets of jawara, on their heads. Though a vigorous form of dance, yet how the women manage to balance their jawara baskets on the head is a sight is definitely worth watching.

Folk Dances of Eastern India: Unfold the mystical charm!

A land of diverse tradition and culture, India is a beautiful country to be a part of! Every state in India is known for its unique culture that is evident in different art forms of the region. When it comes to music and dance, almost every region of India offers us something specific and unique. The dance and music of the region can very well be said to be the beautiful expression of the many communities and their traditions.

One very beautiful example of the richness and diversity of culture and varied ethnicity in India happens to be the folk dances, which have beautifully survived the taste of time; and in spite of the touch of modernization into every single thing, it has continued to withstand over the years. Different regions in India takes pride in different forms of folk dances each of which bears a special significance. Like the other parts in India, Eastern India has been home to some hundred years old tradition of folk dances. The Folk Dances of Eastern India reflects the tradition of the region. The essence of these folk dances is the rawness present in them. Be it the Chhau of Bihar, Bihu of Assam, Dalkhai of Orissa or Brita Dance of West Bengal, each of the eastern India folk dances takes you to the deep sited traditions and beliefs of the diverse cultural groups.  So with Folk Dances of Eastern India: Unfold the mystical charm!

Chhau (Bihar)

Among the popular folk dances in Bihar, Chhau dance portrays virility and vitality. Derived from the Sanskrit term ‘Chhaya’ that means shade, Chhau means mask. Masks play an important role in this dance form of India that makes extemsive use of steps from a system of exercise known as ‘Pharikhanda’. Chhau performers are seen holding shields and swords as they perform.

That which forms a major aspect of this folk dance in India is the 3 important elements from classical dance, Raga (melody), Tala (rhythmic timing) and Bhava (mood). The dance form portrays the animal world and nature that are confirmed with different forms like Sarpa Nritya (serpent dance), Sagara Nritya (ocean dance) and Mayura Nritya. Themes from everyday life and mythology also form a part of the Chhau dance.

Unlike many other forms of Indian dances, Chhau dance is about vitality and robustness. Powerful and poetic happens to be the body language. People believe that on the 25th day of the month of Chaitra, Lord Shiva invoked this dance and that is how the dance form began. The leading exponents of this mostly men dominated form of art, Chhau are royal princes in Mayurbhanj, the rabble and Purulia farmers, tillers etc.

The main base to the Chhau tunes is provided by the Hindustani ragas of music. The musical instruments that accompany the dance are Nagara, Dhol and Sehnais. The dance lasts for about 7-10 minutes.

Brita Dance (West Bengal)

The abode of thinkers, poets and artists, West Bengal also happens to be the home of traditional folk dances. Vrita or Brita dance happens to be among the important folk dances in Bengal. Usually performed by women in rural areas, the dance takes place at the temple premises for appeasing the deities and invoking blessings. One of the popular beliefs concerning the dance is that when any wish is fulfilled, the Brita dance then performed out of gratitude. Also, following the recovery of any contagious disease such as small pox, the dance is performed.

Dalkhai (Orissa)

Performed mostly in the Sambalpur District in the state of Orissa and other districts such as Sundargarh, Sambalpur, Dhenkanal, by the tribal women of Binjhal, Mirdha, Sama, Binjhal, etc the ‘Dalkhai’ happens to be a virile dance that is rendered at the time of festivals. The women in the dance are given company by men who play on the musical instruments. The drummers are often seen joining the dance. Several musical instruments are played such as Dhol, Nisan, Tasa, Tamki and Mahuri. Though the main occasion for the dance happens to be Dusserah yet this famous folk-dance of western Orissa is also performed during festivals like Phangun Puni, Bhaijauntia, Nuakhai etc. The Dalkhai dance has been named so because the beginning and the concluding stanzas uses this word for addressing a girl friend.

The songs of the dance represent episodes from Mahabharata and Ramayana, love stories of Radha and Krishna, descriptions of sceneries etc. The women are dressed in Sambalpuri Saris and scarf and of course the traditional jewelry. The Dalkhai dance has many adjunctive forms such as Rasarkeli, Gunji kuta, Mayalajada, Jamudali, Jhulki, Sainladi, Banki etc. Dalkhai basically happens to be a secular form.

Goti Puas (Orissa)

All credit goes to the pioneering efforts of Raja of Khurda in Orissa, Ramchandradeva following which in the 6^th century, Goti Pua (or boy dancers) came into existence. Ramachandradeva offered refuge to those Mughal soldiers, whom the Afghan troops defeated. Hence Ramachandradeva was quite liked by Mughal Emperor Akbar and also designated as King of Orissa or Gajapati, with loyalty towards the Mughal Emperor.

He was also the Superintendent at the Puri Jagannath temple. During his time, devadasis and maharis became very popular owing to the patronization by the court. An enlightened and sensitive man, it was the initiative of Ramachandradeva that resulted in goti puas coming into being.

Another reason for the emergence of the goti puas could be that the Vaishnavas strongly disapproved women dancing just for a false reason of. Hence as a solution to this problem, the tradition of boys dancing by dressing themselves as girls, came to be introduced.

The term goti means ‘one’ or ‘single’ while Pua means ‘boy’. However, this dance is executed in pairs always. Boys start dancing from the age of 6 and continue performing till the age of 14 after which some become the dance teachers while others join the drama troupes.

At present the goti puas belongs to professional teams called dals that is led by one Guru. Initially the boys are made to learn the very basic of the dance techniques after which they are taught the dance items, expressional and ornamental.

“Bandha”, one among the demanding aspects of the dance forms in the state of Orissa consists of complicated body positions and contortions – this forms the domain of the goti puas. A goti pua dance generally begins with Bhumi Pranam that is a salute of honor to the Mother Earth and concludes with a Bidahi Sangeet, which happens to be a farewell dance and song item. The complete performance continues for about 3 hours.

Three musicians playing gini or cymbals, pakhawaj and harmonium accompany a goti pua performance. The singing is done by the boys only, most of the times. The goti pua dance performance is very organized and consists of items such as Bhumi Pranam, Panchadevta Puja and Battu. At the time of Chandan Jatra festival, the goti puas perform in front of the deities at Narendra Sarovar, a sacred tank located in Puri.

Presently the goti pua dals that have survived are generally found in the villages. Some of well-known groups come from places like Raghurajapur and Dimirisena near Puri, and Darara, close to Bhubaneswar.

Bihu, Assam

Associated with the Bihu Festival of Assam, Bihu is a popular folk dance in the region that marks the coming of New Year. Young women and men both perform the Bihu dance in their traditional Assamese attires. Generally performed under the open areas like tress and other natural surroundings, Bihu happens to be the dance of quick steps with rhythmic movements of hips and arms and specific movements of shoulders and chest. Particular songs ranging from themes of love to village life and greeting the New Year, accompanies the Bihu folk dance in Assam.

Cheraw Dance, Mizoram

Popularly known as the Bamboo Dance, Cheraw is mainly performed by the different tribes from Mizoram. At almost every festive occasion, the dance form is performed. Such dance forms are well-known in the Phillipines and the Far East. So it is quite possible that the Cheraw dance may have got a foreign origin and it came to be popular in Mizoram during the time of migration. Long poles made of Bamboo are put 1 at each end across the logs, fitted on the ground. A person holds each of the pole pairs at each of the ends. Many a times several of the similar pairs are put parallel to one another while sometimes the pairs are laid in crosses. As the bamboos are struck to each other and the logs, the dancers dance to the rhythm of the music. They jump in and out of the bamboos, thereby avoiding getting caught amidst the bamboos. Mostly young girls and women put in their traditional attires and execute the dance, thereby weaving beautiful patterns making their way through the bamboos. The steps are often the mimic of the bird movements and other similar actions. The particular folk dance of Eastern India demands fast and precise footwork since its gets even faster as it continues to proceed!

Konark Dance Festival

Konarak, Orissa

 

A small town in the district of Puri, Orissa, Konark is situated 65 km from Bhubaneswar, on Bay of Bengal. Among the prominent cities in the state of Orissa, Konark is popular for being the site of the Black Pagoda i.e the Sun Temple, which dates back to 13^th century. Built during 1236 AD by King Narasimhadeva-I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty, the Konark Sun Temple, draws in numerous tourist every year. Deriving its name from ‘Kona’ that is corner and ‘Arka’, which means Sun, Konark proves to be a perfect holiday destination, with its majestic seashore, heritage sites and serene ambience. Apart from these, that which makes Konark even more popular among the tourists is the notable Konrak Dance Festival that takes place every year. This dance festival of Konark is among the major reasons why Konark is thronged by people in large numbers, every year.

The Konark Dance Festival takes place at the World Heritage Site of Konarak that is the seven hundred year old architectural wonder, the Sun Temple. Beautiful work of sculpture depicting the Odissi dance forms, adorns the Konark Sun Temple. The dancing hall or the Natyamadir of the temple is replete with amazingly beautiful interior. Constructed centuries back, on the Chandrabagha Beach, the Konark Sun Temple stands tall as an evidence for the age old Indian culture of devotion and dance.

Organized at the open air auditorium of the Sun Temple, every year in the month of December and February, the Konark Dance Festival witnesses the amalgamation of celebrated performers, musicians, dancers and artists from all corners of India. The Konark Dance Festival is being organized since 1989 by the joint association of the Orissa Tourism and Odissi Research Centre in order to promote the varied dance heritage of India and also the architectural splendor of the Konark Sun Temple and the tourism of Orissa.

You can take pleasure in the various kinds of Indian dance performances such as Manipuri, Bharathnatyam, Odissi, Kathak and Chau and many more. The dances take place beneath a mandap known as the Natya Mandap. The Dance festival at Konark would take you through an amazing journey of classical extravaganza and eternal ecstasy. The sound of the flute, pakhauj or the Ghungroo along with the captivating ambience, would offer you an unforgettable, magical experience of a life time. The dance festival also serves as a platform for the upcoming talents to showcase their talent.

One of the most fascinating features of the Konark Dance festival is the crafts mela that is arranged by the State Industry Department to facilitate the promotion of Orissa art and crafts. Here you can find various souvenirs, sculptures and other art works of the local craftsmen. Apart from being a source of livelihood for the local craftsmen, the crafts mela also helps in spreading the rich variety of art and craft of the region to other parts of India.  Further, the craft fair also draws in numerous people to the Konark dance Festival.

The Konark Festival is organized with great pomp and merry every year. This festival of dance in Konark is organized through the joint efforts of Orissa Dance Academy of the renowned Odissi guru Gangadhar Pradhan and the Eastern Zonal Cultural Centre in Kolkata.  One of the main aims behind organizing this dance festival is to uphold and promote Classical Art of India globally. In the initial years, from 1989-1990, the dance festival took place for three days. Later, however, as the festival reached its summit of glory and success, the days were extended to 5 days.

How to Reach Konarak

Although Konark is not directly connected by air, yet the closest airheads that helps in reaching Konark is the airport at Bhubaneswar, which is a suitable point to enter Konarak. Jet Air, Sahara, Indian Airlines connect Bhubaneshwar to Kolkata, Hyderabad, Delhi, Madras and Nagpur.

The best way to reach Konark is by traveling through trains. The closest railheads are Bhubaneshwar and Puri. Almost all the important cities in India are connected to these two railheads by numerous trains.

The extensive network of well maintained roads connects Konark to the whole country. The state and national highways links Konark to Bhubaneshwar, Puri and the various other cities in the state of Orissa, along with the neighbouring states as well. There are regular bus services provided by Orissa State Road Transport Corporation. Private buses also ply in Konark. One can reach Konarak from Puri in just one hour by availing the bus services. Konark can be reached from Bhubaneshwar in 2 to 4 hours approximately. Everyday tour buses also ply from Konark to the cities of Puri and Bhubaneshwar. Private cars and taxis can also be hired.

Contact Details

• Konark Natya Mandap
  Arka Vihar, Konark- 752111,
  Orissa
  Phone: 06758- 236835

• Orissa Tourist Office
  Department of Tourism, Government of Orissa,
  Paryatan Bhawan,
  Near State Museum, Bhubaneswar – 751 014
  Ph: +91 674 2432177, Fax: (0674) 2430887

Dance is for the people, by the people and of the people of Goa

Dance in Goa is an inheritance

Dance is an inheritance in Goa. The state has a richness of culture and dance as a performing art has found a significant place in the cultural map of Goa. Dance in Goa has an altogether distinguished essence and it well reflects the accord of the multi-ethnicity of the state. The traditional form of Goan dance has been fused well with the many streams of dances that have merged into the veins and arteries of the state. On each occasion of Goa, the dancers of the state join the frivolity, dressed in the best, and tap their feet to the jingle, music that touches every heart.

Dekhni is a traditional Goan dance performed mainly by women. The music that makes them dance is a sheer mishmash of both eastern and western from. It euphemizes the audience and performers both. Other folk dances of Goa are Fugdi, Dhalo and Kunbi. These dances are not confined within one religion and are mainly social dances. As a result, it conquers every heart around. Morulem is also a folk dance form inn Goa that will automatically make you tap your feet. Shigmo is a rich gala of the state when the famous Lamp Dance is performed. Goff is a post-harvest celebratory dance performed by the peasants of Goa. The vibrant dancers of Goa create rhythms and ripples amongst the onlookers.

The dance-dramas of the state of Goa are equally popular. Jagar is the popular most dance drama of Goa which engages the Gawdas. Dhangar is also an integral part of Goan culture. It’s a dance meant to adore the aboriginal, the ultimate. The other popular dance forms are Corresdinho, Ghode Modni, Romal and Mussal. Dashabatara is a Hindu religious dance form that also generates unbound fun and frolic in the air of Goa. All the dance forms engage the folks, the general people. The active cooperation and participation of the inhabitants creates a Seventh Heaven in Goa. The dancers boogie down with the rhythm and the onlookers applaud. Eternally, dance is meant for the people, by the people and of the people of Goa.